Warner Brothers, the film studio that owns the rights to the Willy Wonka movies, has asked the Trademark Trial and Appeal Board of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office to stop a Georgia craft brewer’s use of “Golden Ticket” as the name for a chocolate stout beer, claiming that the name could lead some to believe the filmmaker is promoting underage drinking. Warner Bros. Entm’t Inc. v. S. Sky Brewing Co., No. 91233169 (T.T.A.B., filed March 1, 2017). In the Willy Wonka movies, children who found golden tickets tucked inside chocolate-bar packaging won a tour of the chocolate factory and a chance to win a grand prize. Warner Brothers claims the name “Golden Ticket” is an “intent to capitalize” on the popularity of the films, alleging that Southern Sky’s beer is advertised as “reminiscent of a chocolate hazelnut candy bar and as creamy as chocolate milk,” reinforcing the “mental association”…
Tag Archives chocolate
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has requested public input on how consumers use “flavored nut butter spreads and products that can be used to fill cupcakes and other desserts,” as part of its effort to establish a reference amount customarily consumed (RACC) and serving size for these products. Responding to a March 4, 2014, citizen petition filed by Nutella® manufacturer Ferrero Inc., which asked FDA to re-categorize nut cocoa-based spreads as a breakfast condiment similar to “honey, jams, jellies, fruit butter, [or] molasses” as opposed to a dessert topping, the agency notes that it has since updated certain RACCs and needs additional data “to determine the customary consumption amounts of and appropriate product category for flavored nut butter spreads (e.g., cocoa, cookie, and coffee flavored).” To decide if it needs to create a new RACC category for these products with a serving size of 1 tablespoon, FDA seeks responses to…
Consumer group As You Sow has notified the state of California that a number of chocolate manufacturers are allegedly selling chocolate with levels of lead and cadmium that exceed limits set by the state’s Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act (Prop. 65). Testing by the organization allegedly indicated that 35 of the 50 chocolate products sampled—including those from Trader Joe’s, Whole Foods, Godiva and Lindt, among others—contained enough lead or cadmium to trigger Prop. 65 warning requirements. As You Sow has filed 60-day notices with 18 manufacturers based on its testing; following the 60-day period, the organization may initiate litigation against the companies if public officials have not sought enforcement of the statute. “Lead and cadmium accumulate in the body, so avoiding exposure is important, especially for children,” As You Sow President Danielle Fugere said in a March 23, 2016, press release. “Our goal is to work with chocolate…
Germany’s highest court has ruled that Swiss chocolatier Lindt & Sprüngli did not violate German confectioner Haribo’s trademark “Gold Bear” when it began selling a chocolate bear wrapped in gold foil in 2011. Haribo has produced Gold-Bear® gummy bears for several decades, which are sold in gold packages featuring a yellow bear wearing a red ribbon and bow tied around its neck. Lindt’s gold-clad chocolate bear also wears a red ribbon tied in a bow around its neck, styled after the company’s chocolate Easter bunny products. Haribo claimed in 2012 that consumers were likely to be confused by Lindt’s packaging; a trial court agreed, but an intermediate appellate court overturned the ruling. The Federal Court of Justice has affirmed the appellate ruling, reportedly saying in a German-language statement that it wants to avoid the danger of “product design monopolisation.” Information about Haribo’s 2012 complaint appears in Issue 462 of this…
A consumer has filed a putative class action against Ghirardelli alleging that the company deceptively advertised its white chocolate products as containing chocolate, white chocolate or cocoa butter. Vega-Encarnacion v. Ghirardelli Chocolate Co., No. 15-1821 (D.P.R., filed June 16, 2015). Three of the products at issue in the complaint were the subjects of an October 2014 class action settlement open only to consumers who purchased the product “in the United States,” so the Puerto Rican consumer seeks to represent those similarly situated in U.S. territories. Additional details about the settlement appear in Issue 540 of this Update. The complaint cites the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA’s) definitions of “chocolate” and “white chocolate,” which include required levels of cacao-derived products such as cocoa butter. Ghirardelli’s white-chocolate products—baking chips, confectionery coating wafers and ground white chocolate flavor—do not contain any white chocolate as defined by FDA, but merely white-chocolate flavoring, the…
A California federal court has granted Hershey’s motion for summary judgment in a lawsuit originally alleging that the company mislabels its Kisses®, cocoa products and Ice Breakers® mints with respect to healthy diet claims, sugar-free claims, serving sizes, and the content of antioxidants, nutrients, vanillin, and polyglycerol polyricinoleic acid. Khasin v. The Hershey Co., No. 12-1862 (N.D. Cal., order entered March 31, 2015). The claims were previously cut to a single unfair competition claim over the use of the statement “natural source of flavanol antioxidants” on dark chocolate and cocoa products. Additional information about these rulings appears in Issues 463 and 523 of this Update. The plaintiff argued that Hershey’s claim implied that flavanol antioxidants conferred health benefits, despite evidence showing no such benefit. He failed to prove that the statement in question would be likely to mislead reasonable consumers, the court said. The plaintiff “testified in his deposition that Hershey’s products…
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued the results of a study finding that dark chocolate products may contain milk that is not declared on other labels. According to a February 11, 2015, consumer update, the agency tested dark chocolate bars for the presence of milk after dividing them into categories based on their labeling: (i) those that included precautionary statements such as “may contain milk” or “may contain traces of milk”; (ii) those labeled “dairy-free” or “allergen-free”; (iii) those that made no mention of milk on the label; and (iv) those with inconsistent labels—for example, a “vegan” product with a label indicating the possible presence of milk traces. The results evidently identified milk in (i) two of the 17 dark chocolates labeled “dairy-free” or “allergen-free”; (ii) 55 of the 93 products that gave no clear indication of the presence of milk in the products; and (iii) all…
Let’s Buy British Imports (LBB Imports) has reportedly agreed to stop importing Cadbury chocolate made overseas pursuant to the settlement of a lawsuit in which Hershey Co. alleged that the importer violated the candy company’s trademarks and trade dress of Cadbury, Kit Kat® and other products by selling versions produced internationally. Hershey Co. v. LBB Imports LLC, No. 14-1655 (M.D. Penn., settlement date unknown). The settlement agreement apparently restricts the importation of all Cadbury chocolate as well as Kit Kat® bars, Toffee Crisps, York Peppermint Patties, and Maltesers®. Many consumers have responded negatively to the settlement terms; a campaign to boycott Hershey began on Twitter, and a MoveOn.org petition to protest Hershey’s trademark protection actions has garnered more than 25,000 signatures. The protesters reportedly argue that British Cadbury chocolate tastes better because of its ingredients—the British version of Cadbury’s Dairy Milk bar contains milk as its first ingredient while the American…
District attorneys in California’s Yolo, Sacramento and San Joaquin counties have reportedly filed a lawsuit in state court alleging that R.F. Palmer Co. advertised its “Too Tall Bunny” product in violation of the unfair business practices, false advertising and unfair competition provisions of the California Business and Professions Code. The chocolatier apparently packaged the chocolate bunny in a box similar in size to its competition but asserted that the bunny was “Too Tall” and displayed the ears in plastic popping out of the top of the box. The bunny sat on a cardboard insert at the bottom of the box, and without that insert, the bunny was the same size as other similar products, the prosecutors argued. The district attorneys reportedly reached an agreement with the Pennsylvania-based chocolatier bore filing the case to ensure compliance; the court issued a final judgment the same day—a civil penalty of $2,500 for each…
A putative class action alleging that Conopco Inc., a subsidiary of Unilever United States, mislabeled Breyers ice cream as “all natural” has been voluntarily dismissed with prejudice. Jefferson v. Conopco, No. L-7025-14 (Super. Ct. N.J., Bergen Cty., stipulation of voluntary dismissal filed December 1, 2014). The plaintiff alleged that Breyers’ use of cocoa processed with alkali (Dutch process cocoa) contains the artificial ingredient potassium carbonate, which he argued should preclude the company from labeling its products as natural. The brief stipulation indicates that each party will pay its own attorney’s fees and costs. Additional information about the lawsuit appears in Issue 531 of this Update. Issue 547
