The California legislature is considering a bill to make the state the first in the nation to ban perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) from restaurant food wrappers and containers. The bill proposes that food providers “shall not serve, sell, offer for sale, or offer for promotional purposes prepared food or fast food in, on, or with take-out foodservice ware or packaging that contains a fluorinated chemical.” The bill has been referred to the Committee on Environmental Safety and Toxic Materials and set for hearing on April 25, 2017. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), scientists do not have enough information to evaluate the health effects of exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)—a group of materials to which PFCs belong—although some studies have allegedly shown that PFAS may affect the growth of fetuses, decrease fertility and interfere with normal hormonal function, among other possible effects. Exposure to PFAS…
Tag Archives PFCs
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has published a scientific opinion calling chronic dietary exposure to perchlorate a potential concern, “in particular for the high consumers in younger age groups of the population with mild to moderate iodine deficiency.” In addition to considering scientific literature on perchlorate levels in fruit juices, alcohol beverages, milk, and infant formula and breast milk, EFSA’s Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM) analyzed 4,731 fruit and vegetable samples to estimate chronic and short-term exposure to perchlorate in the food chain. The report also identified several contamination sources, including natural fertilizers, industrial emissions and chlorine-based products that degrade to perchlorate. According to the CONTAM Panel, which found the highest mean perchlorate concentrations in leafy vegetables and herbs, the average chronic dietary exposure for adults ranged from a minimum lower bound (LB) of 0.03 µg/kg body weight (bw) per day to a maximum upper bound…
The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) has joined the Center for Science in the Public Interest and other consumer groups in petitioning the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to remove several chemicals from food contact materials. The first food additive petition asks FDA to promulgate a new rule “prohibiting the use of perchlorate as a conductivity enhancer in the manufacture of antistatic agents to be used in food contact articles,” and to amend existing regulations to ban the use of potassium perchlorate in food container sealing gaskets. Citing “the well-recognized toxicity of perchlorate,” the petition alleges that dietary exposure can impair fetal and infant development, especially when pregnant or nursing women do not consume enough iodine. A second petition urges the agency to revoke approval for “the use of long-chain perfluorocarboxylate [PFC] oil and grease repellents in paper and paperboard.” Noting that FDA has already asked some domestic manufacturers to…
Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) has issued the first phase of its Australian Total Diet Study (ATDS), which analyzed chemicals in Australian foods and beverages and concludes that acrylamide and aluminum levels are lower than or consistent with those found in similar foods in other countries. Still, FSANZ CEO Steve McCutcheon said that it was working with industry “to look at ways to reduce acrylamide levels in food, such as encouraging industry to use enzymes that reduce acrylamide formation.” Aluminum levels, which are at their highest levels in cakes, pikelets and pancakes, evidently showed “a slight exceedance for 2-5 year old high consumers.” According to FSANZ, this exceedance is unlikely to “represent a public health and safety issue—however, FSANZ is investigating whether the current permissions for aluminum-containing food additives are still appropriate.” The second ATDS phase will focus on chemicals such as bisphenol A, phthalates and perfluorinated compounds. See…
A recent study has reportedly raised concerns about whether exposure to perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) compromises vaccine effectiveness in children. Philippe Grandjean, et al., “Serum Vaccine Antibody Concentrations in Children Exposed to Perfluorinated Compounds,” Journal of the American Medical Association, January 2012. Approved for use in some food contact applications such as microwavable paper, PFCs “have emerged as important food contaminants,” according to the study’s authors, who gathered data from 587 participants in a prospective birth cohort study based in the Faroe Islands. According to a January 24, 2012, Harvard School of Public Health press release, “The results showed that PFC exposure was associated with lower antibody responses to immunizations and an increased risk of antibody levels in children lower than those needed to provide long-term protection.” In particular, the authors noted that “a two-fold greater concentration of three major PFCs was associated with a 49% lower level of serum antibodies…
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has announced the addition of 134 chemicals to its second Tier 1 screening list under the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP). Among those chemicals listed are DBCP, 1,4-dioxane, acetaldehyde, acrolein, acrylamide, benzene, benzo(a)pyrene, chlordane, HCFC-22, perchlorate, PFOS, PFOA, and polychlorinated biphenyls. Comments are requested by December 17, 2010. According to EPA, “[t]he list includes chemicals that have been identified as priorities under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) and may be found in sources of drinking water where a substantial number of people may be exposed. The list also includes pesticide active ingredients that are being evaluated under EPA’s registration review program to ensure they meet current scientific and regulatory standards.” Following public comment and review, “EPA will issue test orders to pesticide registrants and the manufacturers of these chemicals to compel them to generate data to determine whether their chemicals may disrupt the estrogen,…
University of Toronto scientists have published a study suggesting that a significant source of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) in human sera are the polyfluoroalkyl phosphate esters (PAPs) used in food-contact paper packaging, particularly popcorn bags and fast food wrappers. Jessica D’eon & Scott Mabury,“Exploring Indirect Sources of Human Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Carboxylates (PFCAs): Evaluating Uptake, Elimination and Biotransformation of Polyfluoroalkyl Phosphate Esters (PAPs) in the Rat,” Environmental Health Perspectives, November 8, 2010. PAPs are used to prevent water and fat from escaping the packaging. According to lead researcher Scott Mabury, “Those chemicals called PAPs move into food, make it into humans upon ingestion and metabolically are transformed into the PFCAs.” While it is apparently unknown whether these chemicals have an adverse effect on human health, Mabury said PFCAs are “highly reactive” and, hence, of concern. The authors note that PFCAs have been found in human sera worldwide, but major sources are…
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa Jackson has urged Congress to pass sweeping legislative reform of the country’s chemical management law and announced plans to review the controversial food-packaging chemical bisphenol A and the perfluorinated chemicals used in nonstick cookware. In a September 29, 2009, speech at the Commonwealth Club in San Francisco, Jackson claimed that the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) has “fallen behind the industry it’s supposed to regulate. It’s been proven an inadequate tool for providing the protection against chemical risks that the public rightfully expects,” she said, declaring that as “more and more chemicals are found in our bodies and the environment, the public is understandably anxious and confused.” Legislation to strengthen TSCA is expected to be introduced soon. The Obama administration has issued “Essential Principles for Reform of Chemicals Management Legislation,” to aid Congress during the legislative process. The six principles would give EPA the…
University of Toronto scientists have reportedly identified food-wrapper chemicals known as polyfluoroalkyl phosphoric acid diesters (diPAPs) at “low part-per-billion concentrations” in human blood. Jessica C. D’eon, et al., “Observation of a Commercial Fluorinated Material, the Polyfluoroalkyl Phosphoric Acid Diesters, in Human Sera, Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge, and Paper Fibers,” Environmental Science & Technology, April 29, 2009. Researchers examined blood samples from both male and female donors ages 19 through 70 with various blood types. They also tested paper fibers and wastewater treatment plant sludge “as a proxy for human use and potential exposure,” concluding that high diPAP concentrations in the environment “suggest diPAP materials may be prevalent in our daily lives.” According to a concurrent news release, rat studies have shown that diPAPs “can be metabolized to PFOA [perfluorooctanoic acid] and other perfluorinated carboxylic acids” after ingestion, raising questions about “their potential toxicity in humans and wildlife.” The publication also noted several…
