A consumer has filed a putative class action alleging that Tootsie Roll Industries Inc. sold Tootsie Rolls and Tootsie Pops with partially hydrogenated oil (PHO) in 2016, after the U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued a rule declaring PHO unsafe for use in food. Beasley v. Tootsie Roll Indus. Inc., No. 18-7724 (N.D. Cal., filed December 26, 2018). The complaint focuses on the harms of PHO consumption, including elevated risks of diabetes, cancer, organ damage and cognitive decline. The plaintiff asserts that she "suffered physical injury when she repeatedly consumed the Tootsie Products, because consuming artificial trans fat in any quantity, including the quantity she actually consumed, inflames and damages vital organs and increases the risk of heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and death." For an alleged violation of California consumer-protection law and breach of implied warranty of merchantability, the plaintiff seeks class certification, restitution and attorney's fees.
Tag Archives PHO
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has confirmed its 2015 decision removing partially hydrogenated oils (PHOs) from generally recognized as safe status by denying a food additive petition seeking approval for the use of PHOs in some foods. The agency also extended the June 2018 compliance date for removing PHOs from food, citing trade associations that "informed us that, due to shelf lives ranging from 3 to 24 months, a variety of products containing non-petitioned uses of PHOs will be in distribution on, and for some time after, the compliance date in the final order," according to the Federal Register announcement. For products manufactured before June 18, 2018, the enforcement date will be January 1, 2020. FDA has also extended the compliance date for the uses of PHOs in the food additive petition, including (i) use as a solvent or carrier for flavoring or coloring agents; (ii) use as a processing aid;…
A consumer has filed a lawsuit alleging Mondelez International misleadingly markets Ginger Snaps cookies as healthy. Winn v. Mondelez Int’l, No. 17-2524 (N.D. Cal, removed to federal court May 3, 2017). The proposed class action claims that Ginger Snaps packages were marketed with the phrases “Made With Real Ginger and Molasses” and “Sensible Solutions,” leading consumers to believe the cookies were healthy despite allegedly containing “dangerous levels” of partially hydrogenated oils and high-fructose corn syrup. For alleged violations of California’s consumer protection laws, the plaintiff seeks class certification, damages, restitution, injunctive relief and attorney’s fees. Issue 634
Canada has announced a proposal to ban the use of partially hydrogenated oils (PHO) in food by adding them to the agency’s “List of Contaminants and Other Adulterating Substances in Food” by summer 2018. That deadline would bring Canada in line with the United States, where food manufacturers have until June 2018 to remove PHO from their products. The agency’s goal is to reduce trans fats for most Canadians to less than one percent of their total energy intake, which is expected to lead to a reduced risk of heart disease. Health Canada proposes defining PHO in their food and drug regulations as fats and oils that (i) “have been hydrogenated, but not to complete or near complete saturation” and (ii) “have an iodine value (IV) greater than 4.” The proposal would identify PHO as a food adulterant if present at any level. The agency will continue to consider additional…
A California federal court has dismissed a lawsuit alleging Kellogg Co. misrepresents its Mother’s® Cookies products as free of trans fats despite containing partially hydrogenated oil (PHO). Hawkins v. Kellogg Co., No. 16-147 (S.D. Cal., order entered December 13, 2016). Details about the dismissal of a similar case involving the same plaintiff appear in Issue 592 of this Update. The court held that the plaintiff had standing to sue based on the health effects of inflammation and organ damage associated with the consumption of PHO, noting that Kellogg’s response to the arguments focused on the insufficiency of speculative future risks for standing rather than the current effects. The court then turned to federal law governing the plaintiff’s claims and found that because PHO is currently permitted in food until June 2018, the plaintiff could not plausibly allege that Kellogg violated federal law. Further, her state law claims were preempted by…
A California federal court has dismissed a consumer’s putative class action against AdvancePierre Foods, Inc. alleging the company both physically and financially harmed her by selling her a microwavable sandwich made with partially hydrogenated oil (PHO). Hawkins v. AdvancePierre Foods, Inc., No. 15-2309 (S.D. Cal., order entered November 8, 2016). The court agreed with AdvancePierre’s argument that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s June 2015 final determination removing PHO’s status as a material generally recognized as safe for use in food implemented a June 2018 deadline for compliance to avoid allowing consumers to obtain damages for the use of PHO in the meantime. Under the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2016 (CAA), “No partially hydrogenated oils as defined in the [Final Determination] shall be deemed unsafe . . . and no food that is introduced into interstate commerce that bears or contains a partially hydrogenated oil shall be deemed adulterated . .…
A consumer has filed a putative class action against Campbell Soup Co. alleging the company misrepresents its Healthy Request gumbo soup as “healthy” despite containing trans fat. Brower v. Campbell Soup Co., No. 16-1005 (S.D. Cal., filed April 25, 2016). Campbell has branded itself as “one of the world’s leading providers of healthy and nutritious foods,” the complaint asserts, in part by establishing a research group, Campbell’s Center for Nutrition & Wellness, and obtaining “heart-check” certification from the American Heart Association (AHA) for some of its products. Despite its marketing, Campbell adds “partially hydrogenated soybean oil, containing artificial trans fat, to Healthy Request Gumbo,” the plaintiff argues. The complaint details health risks reportedly linked to the consumption of trans fat, including increased risks of cardiovascular ailments, type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. The “statements, images, and emblems” appearing on Healthy Request Gumbo’s label—the “Healthy Request” branding, “heart healthy” claim, vignettes of…
A California federal court has granted The Kroger Co.’s motion to dismiss a lawsuit alleging the company’s breadcrumbs product includes partially hydrogenated oil, which contains trans fat, despite labeling the product as “0g Trans Fat.” Hawkins v. Kroger Co., No. 15-2320 (S.D. Cal., order entered March 17, 2016). The court found that the mislabeling claims failed for two reasons. First, a challenge to a “0g Trans Fat” labeling claim is preempted, the court said, because U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations require that foods with less than one-half of a gram of trans fat be labeled as “0g.” Second, the plaintiff failed to prove actual reliance on the allegedly deceptive statements, the court found, rejecting her argument that she “is a busy person and cannot reasonably inspect every ingredient of every food that she purchases” despite having bought the bread crumbs six times per year for 15 years but only noticing…
A California federal court has dismissed a proposed class action against Nestlé USA, Inc. alleging that its Coffee-Mate creamer products are mislabeled because they include partially hydrogenated oil (PHO), which contains trans fat, despite listing “0g Trans Fat” on its labels. Backus v. Nestlé USA, Inc., No. 15-1963 (N.D. Cal., order entered March 8, 2016). The court first agreed with Nestlé’s argument that the plaintiff’s three use claims—those arguing that the company’s use of PHO makes it liable for damages to consumers—were preempted by the federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA’s) compliance schedule for removing trans fat from food by June 18, 2018. The court then turned to the labeling claims, which Nestlé also argued were preempted by the FDCA, as amended by the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act, which established that a company must list the trans fat content of…
A California federal court has dismissed portions of a lawsuit alleging that B&G Foods mislabeled its taco shells as containing “0g Trans Fat” despite the product’s use of partially hydrogenated oil as an ingredient. Walker v. B&G Foods, No. 15-3772 (N.D. Cal., order entered February 8, 2016). Five of the plaintiff’s seven claims involved alleged mislabeling of the taco shells as free of trans fat; the court disposed of the claims, finding that the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act required the trans fat level be listed as 0 grams if the content is less than one-half of a gram, thus preempting the claims. The court then turned to the non-labeling claims, through which the plaintiff argued the taco shells were unsafe for consumption based on the trans fat content and thus amounted to a breach of an implied warranty of merchantability and a violation of California’s Unfair Competition Law. Citing…
