Anti-sugar crusader Robert Lustig was among the scientists participating in an April 1, 2012, “60 Minutes” interview claiming that studies indicate that sugar is toxic, addictive and can lead to obesity, Type II diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease. Lustig, an endocrinologist at the University of California, San Francisco, has written extensively about the topic, including an article titled “The Toxic Truth About Sugar” featured in Issue 425 of this Update. Asserting that sugar is as “equally toxic” as high-fructose corn syrup, Ludwig recommended that men daily consume no more than 150 calories of added sugars and women no more than 100, which is less than the amount in one can of soda. “Ultimately this is a public health crisis,” Lustig said in reference to what he deems the excessive amount of sugar in many processed foods. “When it’s a public health crisis, you have to do big things and you…
Tag Archives obesity
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has issued a workshop summary examining the role of obesity in cancer survival and recurrence. Held October 31-November 1, 2011, by IOM’s National Cancer Policy Forum, the workshop included presentations from experts on “the latest laboratory and clinical evidence on the obesity-cancer link and the possible mechanisms underlying that link.” Participants also discussed clinical interventions to mitigate the purported effects of obesity on cancer, as well as “research and policy measures needed to counteract the expected rise of cancer incidence mortality due to an increasingly overweight and older population.” In particular, the workshop explored “the complex web of molecular mechanisms that underlie the obesity-cancer link and whether it is obesity itself, the energy imbalance that leads to obesity, or the molecular pathways that are deregulated due to obesity, that lead to increased risk of cancer initiation or progression.” The group also considered more policy-specific research…
“The ‘calorie is a calorie’ argument is widely used by the processed food industry to explain that weight loss isn’t really about what you eat but about how many calories you eat,” writes New York Times columnist Mark Bittman in a March 20, 2012, “Opinionator” post about Marion Nestle and Malden Nesheim’s new book, Why Calories Count: From Science to Politics (University of California Press 2012). Initially interested in how calories are processed by the human body, Bittman concludes after interviewing Nestle that “the situation is not so simple,” with many factors beside calorie intake determining how metabolism regulates weight. “It’s hard to lose weight, because the body is set up to defend fat, so you don’t starve to death;” explains Nestle, “the body doesn’t work as well to tell people to stop eating as when to tell them when to start.” Nestle suggests that more is needed to reduce…
The U.K.-based Chemicals, Health and Environment Monitoring (CHEM) Trust has issued a March 2012 report claiming that recent studies have linked “hormone disrupting chemicals in food and consumer products” to obesity and Type 2 diabetes in humans. The report apparently analyzes 240 research papers offering epidemiological or laboratory evidence to suggest that certain chemicals—such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates—are obesogenic or diabetogenic. “The chemicals implicated include some to which the general population are typically exposed on a daily basis,” states the report, which also speculates that some “endocrine disrupting chemicals” (EDCs) stored in body fat “may play a role in the causal relationship between obesity and diabetes.” Based on its findings, CHEM Trust argues that obesity prevention strategies like dietary interventions “should not obscure the need for government policies within and outside the health sector” to reduce chemical exposure through the food chain, food containers…
A recent opinion piece published in Nature Reviews Neuroscience has questioned efforts to conceptualize obesity and overeating “as a food addiction accompanied by corresponding brain changes,” in the process raising concerns about the rush to adopt this model as a foundation for clinical and policy recommendations. Hisham Ziauddeen, et al., “Obesity and the brain: how convincing is the addiction model?,” Nature Reviews Neuroscience, April 2012. From the outset, the article distinguishes between two popular views of food addiction, one of which posits that certain foods are addictive and one of which attempts to define food addiction as a “behavioral phenotype” seen in some people with obesity that “resembles drug addiction.” In light of these differing perspectives, the article reviews the “five key pieces of evidence cited in support of addiction model,” that is, (i) “a clinical overlap between obesity (or, more specifically BED [binge-eating disorder]) and drug addiction”; (ii) “evidence of…
The U.K.’s Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) has censured Kellogg Marketing and Sales Co. (UK), Ltd. for falsely claiming on its website, in relation to promotions for children’s breakfast cereals, that “A panel of world health experts recently reviewed all the scientific evidence and concluded that a high sugar intake is not related to obesity, or the development of diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure or cancer.” ASA acknowledged that Kellogg’s had based the claim on “credible scientific evidence and review,” but noted that the company’s wording, without qualifiers, did not account for contrary evidence and “implied there was absolute certainty about the claims being made,” which is not the case. Because Kellogg’s had “referred in particular to a high sugar intake,” ASA concluded that the claim was misleading given the number of authoritative government cautions about limiting the quantity of sugary foods consumed. The company apparently assured…
The U.N. Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food Olivier De Schutter recently presented a report before the U.N. Human Rights Council, calling for governments to enact five priority actions to curb malnourishment, micronutrient deficiency and obesity in populations worldwide. In particular, De Schutter has urged policy makers to consider (i) “taxing unhealthy products”; (ii) “regulating foods high in saturated fats, salt and sugar”; (iii) “cracking down on junk food advertising”; (iv) “overhauling misguided agricultural subsidies that can make certain ingredients cheaper than others”; and (v) “supporting local food production so that consumers have access to healthy, fresh and nutritious foods.” According to a March 6, 2012, press release, the independent expert told the council that in 2010 “U.S. companies spent $8.5 billion advertising food, candy and non-alcoholic beverages, while $44 million was budgeted for the U.S. government’s primary standing healthy eating program.” He also reportedly pointed to “the abundance…
Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick (D) has proposed eliminating the state’s sales tax exemption on soft drinks and candy to combat obesity and control rising health care costs. Included in his fiscal year 2013 budget recommendation, Deval’s plan would reportedly raise $61.5 million targeted in large part to preserving public health programs and preventative care services. “In the past 10 years, the percentage of Massachusetts adults with diabetes has almost doubled, and obesity will soon pass smoking as the leading cause of preventable death,” according to a recent budget issue brief released by the governor. “Consumption of candy and soda is on the rise. Per capita candy consumption has increased steadily since the mid-1980s. Candy and soda add significant non-nutritional calories to the diets of Americans and are directly linked to obesity, especially among children.” See News Release of Governor Deval Patrick, January 25, 2012.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has issued a final rule updating the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs “to align them with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.” Effective March 26, 2012, the rule seeks to reduce childhood obesity by requiring schools to (i) “increase the availability of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free and low-fat fluid milk in school meals”; (ii) “reduce the levels of sodium, saturated fat and trans fat in meals”; and (iii) “meet the nutrition needs of school children within their calorie requirements.” According to USDA, the new standards reflect the recommendations of an Institute of Medicine expert panel as well as 132,000 public comments. Estimated to add $3.2 billion to school meal costs over five years, the final rule only partially implements the Healthy Hunger Free Kids Act (HHFKA) of 2010, which also includes a mandate to set nutritional standards for foods and beverages…
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Institute of Medicine (IOM) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) have joined HBO, Kaiser Permanente and the Michael & Susan Dell Foundation in launching a new national campaign to curb obesity rates. According to a January 13, 2012, IOM press release, “The Weight of the Nation” initiative aims to “shed light on the facts and myths of this urgent public health issue and explore how obesity is impacting our nation and health care system.” The campaign evidently features policy action kits and several media pieces, including a four-part documentary to be aired May 14 and 15, 2012, on HBO, as well as a forthcoming IOM report funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation “that will review progress made so far to implement strategies to curb obesity and recommend selected actions aimed at accelerating progress in the near future.” In particular, the IOM…
